The New Police in the Nineteenth Century by Paul Lawrence

Author:Paul Lawrence [Lawrence, Paul]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Nonfiction, Social & Cultural Studies, Social Science, Crimes & Criminals, Criminology, History
ISBN: 9781351541831
Publisher: Taylor and Francis
Published: 2017-07-05T04:00:00+00:00

Notes

1 The Condition of the Working Class in England, in Marx And Engels On Britain (Moscow, 1962), p. 263.

2 “The Police System Of London”, in: Edinburgh Review, July 1852, p. 5.

3 E. J. Hobsbawm, Primitive Rebels (New York, 1965), p. 116.

1 E. A. Antrobus, London. Its Danger And Its Safety (London, 1848), p. 22.

2 Ibid., p. 21.

1 Livesey’s Moral Reformer, January 6, 1838.

2 “A Man Of Business” [William Rathbone], Social Duties Considered With Reference To The Organisation Of Effort In Works Of Benevolence And Public Utility (London, 1867), pp. 2–14. Cf. J. Foster, Class Struggle And The Industrial Revolution (London, 1974), pp. 22–26.

3 J. Wade, History Of The Middle And Working Classes, third ed. (London, 1835), p. 582.

1 “A Man Of Business”, op. cit. For other nostalgic glances back in a similar vein see N. Scatcherd, The History Of Morley (Leeds, 1830), p. 180; “Past And Present Times At Gildersome”, in: Leeds Times, February 4, 1843.

2 See L. Radzinowicz, History Of The English Criminal Law (London, 1968), IV, pp. 215–221; H. Parris, “The Home Office And The Provincial Police”, in: Public Law, Autumn 1961, pp. 230–255; J. Hart, “The County And Borough Police Act, 1856”, in: Public Administration, XXXIV (1956), pp. 405–417.

3 F. C. Mather, Public Order In The Age Of The Chartists (Manchester, 1959), pp. 153–181; F. Darvall, Popular Disturbance And Public Order In Regency England (Oxford, 1969), pp. 80, 262, 267; First Report Royal Commission On Constabulary Force [Parliamentary Papers, 1839, XIX], p. 83; Foster, op. cit., pp. 66–67. Supt Martin, who led the London police in the 1837 Poor Law riot at Huddersfield, the 1838 Poor Law riot at Dewsbury and the Birmingham Bull Ring Riots of 1839, pointed out that police can act individually in a crowd. Troops have both hands full and cannot leave their ranks without orders. Moreover they must either charge or fire and indiscriminately kill: Second Report House Of Commons Select Committee On Police [PP, 1852–53, XXXVI], p. 92. The Colne anti-police riots discussed below perfectly illustrated the inadequacies of the military.

1 First Report Royal Commission On Constabulary Force, op. cit., p. 82. The Manchester police were careful to draw the force from outside the community. See remarks of Capt. Willis in Second Report House Of Commons Select Committee On Police, op. cit., p. 23.

2 First Report Commission On Constabulary Force, pp. 75–76; cf. Foster, op. cit., pp. 56–61.

3 First Report Royal Commission On Constabaulary Force, pp. 104–105.

4 See the remark of E. P. Thompson, “‘Rough Music’: Le Charivari Anglais”, in: Annales, XXVII (1972), p. 310: “Une des formes les plus extremes d’aliénation qu’on puisse trouver dans les sociétés capitalistes et bureaucratiques est l’aliénation de la Loi. Le fonctionnement de la Loi cesse d’être assume par ceux qui dirigent des communautés; elle est déléguée, monopolisée, et utilisée par d’autres […] contre eux, à tel point qu’il ne reste plus dans la communauté que la convention ou la peur d’être remarqué.” Cf. for generalized working-class mistrust of all agencies of authority H. Felling, Popular Politics And Society In Late Victorian Britain (London, 1968), pp.

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